Londa Schiebinger (Nebraska 1952) is an advisor to the UN and the European Commission in matters of science and women. Professor at Stanford University. Last week he was in Madrid invitada por el Festival Ellas Crean.
¿Qué presencia tienela mujer en la ciencia?
"La recién aprobada Ley de la Ciencia española es un modelo a seguir"
Se debería incrementar el número, tanto en la ciencia como en la ingeniería.
Es complicado saberlo. Por un lado, debemos ver cuántas mujeres hay en la ciencia y quiénes son. También debemos analizar a qué tipo de problemas hacen frente las féminas en las instituciones donde se hace investigación. Y hay un tercer tipo de análisis, para understand how gender influences scientific knowledge. Do not just talk about women, also what they should do the institutions.
"The U.S. universities have more women competing scientific"
In the U.S., the Government is working hard to transform the institutions. For example, one study showed that between two identical curriculum, one with a male name and one with a female, elected to fill a man's job was. Studies like this are very important to detect discrimination in institutions. To have more women in science is needed to change institutions and to teach men and women how to research on gender. In this regard, the recently approved Law of English science is a model. If, in Spain will be ahead of the rest of the world.
Do you think that quotas are necessary?
In Europe, shares work, therefore I must continue to apply. In contrast, in the U.S. do not have quotas but urged the company to hire women. This has made the U.S. around the world want to hire women scientists. There is even a competition between universities to see in which there are more female presence.
Fees are criticized by the society to consider that if a woman is valid to access a job without help ...
is absurd. Never hire someone who is not qualified. And women are. These critics assume that women are not qualified. A famous Swedish study shows that women need 2.5 more publications than men to be considered equal. The case of Marie Curie's example. Be the first person to win two Nobel prizes in chemistry and physics, but was never admitted to the French Academy of Science.
Has feminist discourse adapted to the advances of recent years?
course. No longer claims the right of a woman to open a bank account, for example. In my field, and not just be equal, but better science. For example, we know many drugs often have no effect on women. And this is because the drugs are created in male mice and are tested mostly in men. If medical research is done correctly, would have better drugs for everyone.
you really are as different male and female brain?
Los neurólogos hablan ahora de la neoplasticidad del cerebro, de cómo el entorno le da forma. Hombres y mujeres tienen diferentes experiencias en la sociedad y, por tanto, tienen cerebros diferentes. Observado con máquinas de resonancia magnética, la imagen del cerebro no es relevante, por tanto los estudios que se hagan en este sentido no son relevantes.
El Público 28/03/2011
